Copeland-Erdős

number-theory · 37 views
number-theoryhigh-entropy

What It Is

Provably normal number formed by concatenating primes in base 256 (Copeland-Erdős 1946). Same headline normality as Champernowne but driven by the prime sequence rather than the natural numbers --- bridges Champernowne's structured-byte-stream class into the prime-density-flavored corner of the atlas

Interpretation

Standard analysis sees: no strongly notable standard properties. The atlas additionally detects Time Reversibility:ordinal_reversal_distance. It sits beside Middle-Square (von Neumann) in the atlas (standard-bank rank 30) — a neighbor conventional features miss.

What the atlas adds
Time Reversibility:ordinal_reversal_distance+2.4z
time-reversal symmetry breaking via Bandt-Pompe ordinal patterns
Atlas-extreme metrics the standard bank can’t predict for this source
Predictability:entropy_decay_rate-5.2zbank-miss 1.8σ
Spirograph:gear_rationality-3.9zbank-miss 1.4σ
Nonstationarity:variance_trend+3.2zbank-miss 1.1σ
Ulam Spiral (Square):radial_periodicity+3.2zbank-miss 1.1σ
Wasserstein:self_similarity-2.6zbank-miss 2.6σ
Nonstationarity:ac1_trend-2.5zbank-miss 1.9σ

Composition

dtypeuint8
range[0, 255]
unique values256 / 16384
mean ± std90.6 ± 85

Render Gallery

Atlas Position

Nearest neighborDistance
Champernowne4.83
Middle-Square (von Neumann)4.86cross-origin
Linux ELF x86-644.89cross-origin

Open in Atlas →

Which Geometries Light Up

2-adic2-adic:distance_entropyrank 2/3072.3325
AutoRegressiveAutoRegressive:ar_coef_2rank 5/3070.4904
Catch24Catch24:DN_HistogramMode_10rank 305/307-1.1043
Julia SetJulia Set:potential_variancerank 304/3071255.1082
Julia SetJulia Set:potential_smoothnessrank 305/30728.1751
NonstationarityNonstationarity:regime_persistencerank 2/3070.9967
NonstationarityNonstationarity:variance_trendrank 4/3070.3541
NonstationarityNonstationarity:ac1_trendrank 303/307-0.1822
Ordinal PartitionOrdinal Partition:memory_orderrank 4/3070.8273
PredictabilityPredictability:entropy_decay_raterank 306/307-0.3053
Spectral AnalysisSpectral Analysis:spectral_bandwidthrank 4/3070.1921
SpirographSpirograph:rational_grid_proximityrank 305/3070.4593
WaveformAsymmetryWaveformAsymmetry:waveform_asymmetryrank 5/3070.8883
Wavelet CascadeWavelet Cascade:coarse_scale_kurtosis_sloperank 4/3070.7671
Zipf–Mandelbrot (16-bit)Zipf–Mandelbrot (16-bit):hapax_ratiorank 2/3070.9117
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