Middle-Square (von Neumann)

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What It Is

Von Neumann's 1949 middle-square PRNG --- famously degenerates to short cycles. Square the state, extract middle digits. Exhibits visible lattice structure.

Interpretation

Standard analysis sees: anti-persistent; homoskedastic; high-dimensional / space-filling; stationary. The atlas additionally detects combinatorially flat (normal-sequence). It sits beside Windows PE x86-64 in the atlas (standard-bank rank 128) — a neighbor conventional features miss.

What standard analysis sees
tail heaviness0.23
asymmetry0.49
occupancy0.59
short-range corr0.19
long-range memory0.11
spectral colour0.76
periodicity0.53
complexity0.79
time-irreversibility0.75
volatility clustering0.14
multifractality0.45
dimensionality0.86
nonstationarity0.13
What the atlas adds
combinatorially flat (normal-sequence)+2.4z
every fixed-length block is near-equiprobable and longer context yields no extra predictability — the De Bruijn / normal-number signature (distinct from random noise, which sits mid-scale)
names deterministic flatness — IID noise sits neutral, NOT at this pole
Atlas-extreme metrics the standard bank can’t predict for this source
Zipf–Mandelbrot (16-bit):zipf_r_squared-2.4zbank-miss 1.3σ

Composition

dtypefloat64
range[0.0001539, 0.9999]
unique values12204 / 16384
mean ± std0.5 ± 0.289

Render Gallery

Atlas Position

Nearest neighborDistance
macOS Mach-O (dyld)4.46
Windows PE x86-644.65
Linux ELF x86-644.73

Open in Atlas →

Which Geometries Light Up

This source does not rank extreme on any metric.

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