Geometry Guide

73 exotic geometries — 307 data sources — 279 metrics
Browse 307 data sources →

Each geometry is a question asked of data. The answers are gradients from low to high, with specific atlas sources as landmarks. These pages explain what each geometry detects through contrast and atlas examples, not mathematical definitions.

Dynamical Lens

Attractor Reconstruction

Correlation dimension, Lyapunov exponent, attractor filling

dynamical

Bispectrum

Phase coupling between frequencies; quadratic nonlinearity; non-Gaussian higher-order structure; harmonic vs cross-mode interaction

dynamical

Boltzmann

Interaction strength, spin-glass frustration, criticality

dynamicalordinal

Chladni

Nodal regularity, zero-crossing clustering, multi-scale modal complexity

dynamical

Gottwald-Melbourne

Chaos vs regular dynamics, classification confidence

dynamical

Higher-Order Statistics

Skewness, kurtosis, tail asymmetry, non-Gaussianity

dynamical

Modular Residue

Discrete cyclic transport, modular winding bias, recurrent backbone strength on integer-quantized sequences

dynamical

Multifractal Spectrum

Spectrum width, dominant singularity, scaling nonlinearity

dynamical

Navier-Stokes

Turbulence structure-function stats (ESS/K41-SL residual, increment skewness/autocorr) as generic 1D discriminators (cascade not literally validated)

dynamical

Ordinal Partition

Transition predictability, time irreversibility, edge-of-chaos complexity

dynamicalordinal

Recurrence Quantification

Recurrence rate, determinism, laminarity, trapping time

dynamicalordinal

Spectral Analysis

Dominant frequency, spectral slope, bandwidth, periodicity

dynamicalordinal

Spirograph

Frequency ratio arithmetic, nested periodicities, spirograph closure

dynamical
Topological Lens

Cayley

Large-scale curvature, intrinsic dimension, graph expansion

topological

Fractal (Mandelbrot)

Escape rate, fractal dimension, boundary complexity

topological

Hodge–Laplacian

Compressible/solenoidal energy split, harmonic 1-forms, curl/div ratio, Laplacian energy, source/sink density

topological

Hyperbolic (Poincaré)

Hierarchy depth, branching, boundary clustering

topological

Julia Set

Sequence-dependent dynamical trapping, basin structure, Julia boundary sensitivity

topological

Klein Bottle

LFSR / GF(2)-rank / Walsh bit-algebra + increment smoothness; low-entropy predictability (NOT non-orientability or GF(2)-linearity)

topological

Möbius-S³

S^3 trajectory occupancy/transition stats vs a 600-cell scaffold + Hopf-phase ACF (NOT Mobius / non-orientable structure; S^3/2I is orientable)

topological

Mostow Rigidity

Geometric rigidity, volume invariance, Margulis thickness

topological

Persistent Homology

Persistent loops (H1) in reconstructed phase space; smooth simple limit cycles

topological

Spectral Graph

Diffusion dimensionality, spectral shape, cluster structure

topological

Visibility Graph

Graph degree distribution, clustering, small-worldness

topological

Zariski

Polynomial recurrences, algebraic varieties, non-Boolean pattern lattice

topological
Distributional Lens

2-adic

p-adic clustering, divisibility depth, modular structure

distributional

Cantor Set

Cantor-coordinate gaps (largest = the 1/3 hole), value-cardinality, jump-size concentration

distributional

Continued Fraction

Khintchine-Lévy deviation and Liouville-class partial-quotient outliers on continuous signals

distributional

Fisher Information

Information gradient, statistical curvature, parameter sensitivity

distributional

Information Theory

Shannon entropy, complexity, redundancy

distributional

Level Statistics

KS distance of the value distribution to RMT Poisson/GOE/GUE surmises; order-invariant marginal-shape test (NOT true level correlations / quantum chaos)

distributional

Marginal

shoulder weight / marginal-distribution shape

distributional

Spherical S²

Directional clustering, angular uniformity

distributional

Torus T^2

Periodicity, cyclic coverage, uniformity

distributional

Wasserstein

Distribution shape, transport cost, self-similarity

distributional

Zipf–Mandelbrot (16-bit)

Zipf exponent, vocabulary richness, frequency decay

distributional

Zipf–Mandelbrot (8-bit)

Zipf exponent, vocabulary richness, frequency decay

distributional
Symmetry Lens

D4 Triality

D4 root-graph, orthogonality, Gram-covariance & edge-adjacency-spectrum stats (NOT triality -- no order-3 automorphism)

symmetry

E8 Lattice

E8 root-alignment-magnitude variance + Gram-quantization fidelity (genuine 240-root projection)

symmetry

G2 Root System

G2 root-direction sector occupancy + pair-angle |cos|-alignment kurtosis (NOT hexagonal-symmetry detection)

symmetry

H² × ℝ (Thurston)

Hyperbolic layering, vertical drift

symmetry

H3 Icosahedral

Adjacency of consecutive H3-root cells; discrete-symbolic vs smooth (NOT icosahedral / 5-fold order)

symmetry

H4 600-Cell

deep diverse edge walks on the 600-cell with diff-vector closure on H4 roots; gated against degenerate-plateau and pingpong saturators

symmetry

Heisenberg (Nil) (centered)

Correlation twist, phase coupling, area accumulation

symmetry

Lorentzian

Causal ordering, lightcone structure, timelike fraction

symmetry

Piecewise-Linear

Piecewise-linear regimes, slope diversity, envelope structure

symmetry

Projective ℙ²

Scale invariance, cross-ratio stability, projective curvature

symmetry

S² × ℝ (Thurston)

Spherical layering, radial drift

symmetry

SL(2,ℝ) (Thurston)

Shear flow, geodesic divergence, rotation-shear coupling

symmetry

Sol (Thurston)

Hyperbolic splitting, exponential divergence

symmetry

Symplectic

(value,increment) phase-portrait occupancy/reflection/shoelace-area/recurrence stats (NOT phase-volume preservation / Hamiltonian isolation)

symmetry

Ulam Spiral (Sacks)

Quadratic-polynomial alignment of marked positions on a 2D lattice

symmetry

Ulam Spiral (Square)

Quadratic-polynomial alignment of marked positions on a 2D lattice

symmetry
Scale Lens

Hölder Regularity

Local roughness, regularity spectrum, singularity strength

scale

Laplacian

Curvature cascade, non-periodic boundary content, monotone runs

scale

Logarithmic Spiral

Growth rate, spiral tightness, radial regularity

scale

Multi-Scale Wasserstein

Scale coherence, distributional drift, self-similarity

scale

p-Variation

Path roughness, variation index, regularity

scale

Wavelet Cascade

Cross-scale energy cascades, intermittency, self-organized criticality

scale
Quasicrystal Lens

Ammann-Beenker (Octagonal)

Spectral self-similarity at silver-ratio (~2x) frequency rescalings; spectral coloredness (NOT eightfold diffraction; octagonal embed is dead code)

quasicrystal

Dodecagonal (Stampfli)

1D spectral self-similarity at the dodecagonal Pisot ratio 2+sqrt(3) (NOT 12-fold diffraction / Stampfli tiling)

quasicrystal

Inflation (Substitution)

Symbolic-dynamics stats: subword-complexity growth, discrepancy, return-gap & ACF-peak regularity (NOT substitution-inflation symmetry)

quasicrystal

Penrose (Quasicrystal)

Fivefold diffraction symmetry, Bragg peak contrast, aperiodic order

quasicrystal

Septagonal (Danzer)

1D spectral self-similarity at the heptagonal ratio rho~2.247 & conjugates (NOT sevenfold diffraction / Danzer tiling)

quasicrystal
Temporal Lens

AutoRegressive

AR-process structure, linear short-memory dependence, white-noise residuality

temporal

Nonstationarity

heteroskedasticity, regime switches, geometric non-stationarity

temporal

Predictability

Conditional entropy, memory depth, sample entropy

temporal

Time Reversibility

Time-reversal symmetry breaking; conservative-vs-dissipative dynamics; nonlinear/non-Gaussian asymmetry

temporal
Reference Lens

Catch24

Standard time-series features: autocorrelation timescale, distribution shape, automutual information, fluctuation/DFA scaling, Welch spectral summaries, symbolic motifs

reference
Oscillator Lens

Isochronicity

Anisochronous oscillation — amplitude-dependent frequency (Van der Pol, Duffing, Stuart-Landau shear, Ruelle-Takens cascade); also separates AM (high amp spread, zero shear) from FM (zero amp spread, time-varying frequency)

oscillator

WaveformAsymmetry

Within-cycle positional asymmetry of argmax/argmin. On smooth waveforms reads rise/fall time (sawtooth, ECG QRS, relaxation oscillators). On binary/sparse-spike signals reads duty-cycle skew (skewed PWM, sparse spike trains, Prime Indicator / von Mangoldt). Insensitive to anisochronicity, amplitude variation, and harmonic-symmetric distortion (square, clipped sine, triangle).

oscillator
Other Lens

Moiré

Self-dilation scale-symmetry; golden-ratio quasiperiodicity

other

Sidon

Sparse modular / periodic structure in the top-quantile positions — e.g. Goldbach r(2n), von Mangoldt Λ(n), Euler totient ratio, periodic windows in chaotic maps

other