Hodge–Laplacian

Compressible/solenoidal energy split, harmonic 1-forms, curl/div ratio, Laplacian energy, source/sink density
topologicaldim 2D14 metrics

What It Measures

Laplacian field structure of a 2D reshaping of the signal — energy, gradient coherence, spectral content, and directional anisotropy.

Reshapes the 1D byte stream into a square 2D field and analyzes it through the Laplacian operator and its iterates: the Laplacian Δf (source/sink density), the biharmonic Δ²f (curvature of curvature), and Poisson recovery error (non-periodic boundary content). Two anisotropy metrics exploit the vertical/horizontal asymmetry created by row-major reshaping — temporal adjacency is preserved along rows but broken across rows.

Metrics

biharmonic_energy

L2 energy of the biharmonic field Δ²f, normalized. Phyllotaxis (2.34) and Circle Map QP (2.34) score highest: their angular structure creates maximum biharmonic energy in the 2D field. Logistic Period-2 (0.08) is near zero — its simple alternation produces a smooth 2D pattern.

dirichlet_energy

Integrated squared gradient magnitude, normalized. Logistic Period-3 (1.57) tops the list: its three-cycle creates sharp 2D boundaries in the reshaped field. Wigner Semicircle (0.002) is near zero — its smooth distribution creates a smooth gradient field.

laplacian_energy

L2 energy of the Laplacian field Δf. Logistic Period-3 (2.29) again dominates. Thue-Morse (1.93) is second — its binary substitution creates sharp source/sink density in the 2D field.

laplacian_mean

Mean of the Laplacian field. L-System Dragon Curve (0.78) has the most positive mean (net source density); Devil's Staircase (-1.39) has the most negative (net sink density from its monotone plateaus).

laplacian_std

Standard deviation of the Laplacian. Thue-Morse (177.2) and Rule 110 (155.7) score highest — their binary structure creates extreme Laplacian variation in the 2D field. Wigner Semicircle (1.3) is nearly uniform.

laplacian_spectral_ratio

2D analog of the 1D Laplacian's bounded spectral fraction: low-radial-frequency energy / (low + high) on the radial 2D Laplacian power spectrum. Smooth continuous-time signals reshape into smoothly-varying 2D fields whose curvature is entirely low-frequency — Sine Wave (0.99), Lorenz (0.94), Van der Pol (0.92), Clipped Sine (0.84), Triangle Wave (0.81). Discrete chaos reshapes into noisy 2D fields with high-frequency curvature (logistic chaos near 0.0). White Noise (0.03) and Constants (0.0) sit at the floor.

gradient_coherence

Spatial autocorrelation of the gradient field. Wigner Semicircle (0.84) and Temperature Drift (0.82) score highest: their smooth distributions create coherent gradient fields. Logistic Period-3 (-0.33) has anti-coherent gradients (sharp alternating boundaries).

poisson_recovery_error

2D analog: solve Δu = Δf periodically and measure residual. Hawkes Process (541.1) scores highest — its clustered spike events create strong non-periodic boundary content in the 2D field. fBm Persistent (0.67) is near zero (well-captured by periodic modes).

source_fraction

Fraction of pixels where the Laplacian is positive (sources vs sinks). Logistic Period-3 (0.66) is most source-heavy; Period-2 (0.02) is almost entirely sinks.

spatial_anisotropy

Log ratio of vertical to horizontal gradient energy. Sine Wave (6.2) has strong vertical anisotropy because row-major reshaping preserves its temporal periodicity along rows. Logistic Edge-of-Chaos (-30.4) has extreme horizontal anisotropy — its chaotic dynamics create structure within rows but not across them.

spectral_anisotropy

Log ratio of vertical to horizontal Laplacian spectral energy. Tidal Gauge (6.1) scores highest: its slow ocean dynamics create anisotropic curvature structure in the 2D field. Logistic Edge-of-Chaos (-52.2) is the most extreme negative — same mechanism as spatial_anisotropy but amplified by the spectral transform.

Atlas Rankings

biharmonic_energy
SourceDomainValue
Phyllotaxisbio2.3372
Circle Map Quasiperiodicchaos2.3370
Logistic r=3.83 (Period-3 Window)chaos2.3056
···
Constant 0xFFnoise0.0000
Partition Functionnumber_theory0.0169
Logistic r=3.2 (Period-2)chaos0.0750
curl_div_ratio
SourceDomainValue
Sine Wavewaveform7.0095
Duffing Oscillatorchaos5.7091
Chua's Circuitexotic5.4864
···
Circle Map Quasiperiodicchaos-1.2723
Phyllotaxisbio-1.2723
Temperature Driftclimate-0.9237
dirichlet_energy
SourceDomainValue
Logistic r=3.83 (Period-3 Window)chaos1.5703
Thue-Morseexotic1.4041
Champernownenumber_theory1.3119
···
Constant 0xFFnoise0.0000
Primesnumber_theory0.0007
Minkowski Question Markexotic0.0010
flow_energy
SourceDomainValue
Arnold Cat Mapchaos-0.4922
RANDUbinary-0.5085
Beta Noisenoise-0.5457
···
Constant 0xFFnoise-30.0000
Primesnumber_theory-9.3568
Partition Functionnumber_theory-9.2914
gradient_coherence
SourceDomainValue
Partition Functionnumber_theory1.0000
Primesnumber_theory1.0000
Minkowski Question Markexotic0.9941
···
Logistic r=3.83 (Period-3 Window)chaos-0.3288
Thue-Morseexotic-0.3135
Logistic r=3.68 (Banded Chaos)chaos-0.2945
laplacian_energy
SourceDomainValue
Logistic r=3.83 (Period-3 Window)chaos2.2857
Thue-Morseexotic1.9311
Champernownenumber_theory1.7915
···
Constant 0xFFnoise0.0000
Primesnumber_theory0.0000
Partition Functionnumber_theory0.0000
laplacian_mean
SourceDomainValue
L-System (Dragon Curve)exotic0.0030
ECG Ventricularmedical0.0029
Square Wavewaveform0.0026
···
Devil's Staircaseexotic-0.0054
Lorenz-96 N=36chaos-0.0024
Hawkes Processexotic-0.0020
laplacian_spectral_ratio
SourceDomainValue
Partition Functionnumber_theory0.9943
Takagi Functionexotic0.9807
Minkowski Question Markexotic0.9747
···
Constant 0xFFnoise0.0000
Logistic r=3.83 (Period-3 Window)chaos0.0000
Logistic r=3.74 (Period-5 Window)chaos0.0001
laplacian_std
SourceDomainValue
Thue-Morseexotic0.6948
Kolakoski Sequenceexotic0.6355
Logistic r=3.83 (Period-3 Window)chaos0.6190
···
Constant 0xFFnoise0.0000
Primesnumber_theory0.0002
Partition Functionnumber_theory0.0004
poisson_recovery_error
SourceDomainValue
Hawkes Processexotic541.4338
Seismograph (ANMO)geophysics363.0755
SIR Epidemicbio315.5674
···
Constant 0xFFnoise0.0000
fBm (Persistent)noise0.6666
Logistic r=3.83 (Period-3 Window)chaos0.7029
solenoidal_fraction
SourceDomainValue
Sine Wavewaveform0.9989
Chua's Circuitexotic0.9967
Duffing Oscillatorchaos0.9964
···
Temperature Driftclimate0.2000
Circle Map Quasiperiodicchaos0.2384
Phyllotaxisbio0.2384
source_fraction
SourceDomainValue
Pomeau-Mannevillechaos0.7934
Lotka-Volterrabio0.6731
Logistic r=3.83 (Period-3 Window)chaos0.6564
···
Constant 0xFFnoise0.0000
Partition Functionnumber_theory0.0000
Logistic r=3.2 (Period-2)chaos0.0156
spatial_anisotropy
SourceDomainValue
Partition Functionnumber_theory9.5425
Sine Wavewaveform8.5648
Chua's Circuitexotic7.7037
···
Logistic r=3.5 (Period-4)chaos-25.3439
Logistic r=3.2 (Period-2)chaos-23.8776
Logistic Edge-of-Chaoschaos-15.8175
spectral_anisotropy
SourceDomainValue
Primesnumber_theory9.6959
Partition Functionnumber_theory9.4474
Minkowski Question Markexotic9.0735
···
Logistic r=3.2 (Period-2)chaos-42.8803
Logistic r=3.5 (Period-4)chaos-42.5136
Logistic Edge-of-Chaoschaos-28.3020

When It Lights Up

Hodge-Laplacian is the 2D complement to the 1D Laplacian geometry. By reshaping the byte stream into a square field, it captures spatial structure that 1D analysis misses: gradient coherence, source/sink balance, and directional anisotropy. The anisotropy metrics are particularly diagnostic — they measure how much the signal's structure is preserved vs destroyed by the row-major 2D reshaping, which is a proxy for temporal adjacency strength. In the atlas, it contributes 11 metrics with 4 unique (36% uniqueness), and its biharmonic_energy is a top-5 PC1 loading.

Open in Atlas
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