Nonstationarity

heteroskedasticity, regime switches, geometric non-stationarity
temporaldim trajectory11 metrics

What It Measures

How the signal's local geometric character changes over time.

Computes a 5D descriptor (entropy, lag-1 autocorrelation, variance, kurtosis, permutation entropy) on sliding windows and tracks its trajectory through descriptor space. The other geometries compute static, full-sequence summaries. This one measures the derivative: how fast the local character is changing, how bursty that change is, and how much of the descriptor space the trajectory explores.

Metrics

metric_volatility

Mean speed of movement through descriptor space (z-scored). Triangle Wave (3.31) and Clipped Sine (3.27) score highest because their periodic structure creates rapid, repeated transitions between distinct geometric regimes. Logistic Period-5 (2.95) is similar. Devil's Staircase scores 0.0: its local geometry is constant within each plateau, and the jumps between plateaus are too rare to raise the mean speed.

regime_persistence

How long do geometric regimes last? Measured by the autocorrelation decay time of the descriptor trajectory. Rossler Hyperchaos, Quantum Walk, and Lotka-Volterra all score 1.0 (maximum persistence — once they enter a geometric regime, they stay). Rossler Attractor scores 0.033 (regimes change rapidly as the trajectory spirals between lobes). High persistence signals piecewise-stationary dynamics.

trajectory_dim

PCA participation ratio of the descriptor cloud, normalized by 5. How many independent descriptor axes does the trajectory use? Zipf Distribution (0.904) and Noisy Sine (0.896) explore nearly the full 5D space. Devil's Staircase scores 0.0 (the trajectory is confined to a single point in descriptor space). High trajectory_dim means the signal's local geometry changes in multiple independent ways simultaneously.

vol_of_vol

Coefficient of variation of the descriptor speed. Is the rate of geometric change itself stable or bursty? Gaussian Collatz (2.08) and Thue-Morse (2.01) score highest: their geometric changes come in bursts separated by calmer intervals. This is the actual "volatility of volatility" — a second-order nonstationarity measure. Van der Pol (1.74) scores high because its relaxation oscillations create alternating fast and slow geometric evolution.

dynamic_coupling

Mutual information between the 5 descriptor components along the trajectory. L-System Dragon (7.75) and Clipped Sine (6.89) score highest — their descriptor dimensions co-vary strongly (when entropy changes, so does autocorrelation, kurtosis, etc.). Constants score 0.0 (no trajectory, no coupling). High coupling means the signal's nonstationarity is coordinated across all descriptor dimensions; low coupling means each descriptor changes independently.

Atlas Rankings

ac1_trend
SourceDomainValue
Critical Transition (Fold)chaos0.4892
Aliquot Orbit Lengthsnumber_theory0.4348
Exponential Chirpexotic0.3840
···
Spectral Form Factorquantum-0.4697
NASDAQ Returnsfinancial-0.4470
Gaussian Collatz Orbitnumber_theory-0.2601
adf_pvalue
SourceDomainValue
Critical Transition (Fold)chaos0.9904
Logistic r=3.5 (Period-4)chaos0.9585
fBm (Persistent)noise0.8003
···
Logistic Chaoschaos0.0000
Henon Mapchaos0.0000
Tent Mapchaos0.0000
change_quantiles_high
SourceDomainValue
Earthquake Depthsgeophysics0.2817
Continued Fractionsnumber_theory0.2440
DNA Thermusbio0.2263
···
Logistic Chaoschaos0.0000
Henon Mapchaos0.0000
Tent Mapchaos0.0000
change_quantiles_low
SourceDomainValue
Henon Mapchaos0.1748
ECG Beat Conformitymedical0.1438
Stern-Brocot Walknumber_theory0.1412
···
DNA Dogbio0.0000
DNA Humanbio0.0000
DNA Chimpbio0.0000
change_quantiles_mid
SourceDomainValue
Logistic r=3.2 (Period-2)chaos1.0000
Thue-Morseexotic0.6667
Kolakoski Sequenceexotic0.6666
···
Logistic Chaoschaos0.0000
Tent Mapchaos0.0000
Devil's Staircaseexotic0.0000
dynamic_coupling
SourceDomainValue
Prime Indicatornumber_theory9.4469
von Mangoldt Functionnumber_theory9.2547
L-System (Dragon Curve)exotic7.9557
···
Logistic r=3.5 (Period-4)chaos0.0000
Logistic r=3.2 (Period-2)chaos0.0000
Logistic Edge-of-Chaoschaos0.9768
metric_volatility
SourceDomainValue
Pell Wordexotic3.2873
Damped Pendulummotion3.2640
Clipped Sinewaveform3.2437
···
Logistic r=3.5 (Period-4)chaos0.0000
Logistic r=3.2 (Period-2)chaos0.0000
Sine Map (Feigenbaum)chaos0.0373
regime_persistence
SourceDomainValue
Spectral Form Factorquantum1.0000
Gaussian Collatz Orbitnumber_theory1.0000
Copeland-Erdősnumber_theory0.9987
···
Rossler Attractorchaos0.0333
Weierstrassexotic0.0333
Fibonacci Wordexotic0.0333
trajectory_dim
SourceDomainValue
Zipf Distributionexotic0.8359
Geometric Waiting Timesexotic0.8220
Poisson Spacingsquantum0.8197
···
Logistic r=3.2 (Period-2)chaos0.0000
Logistic r=3.5 (Period-4)chaos0.0000
Sine Map (Feigenbaum)chaos0.2000
variance_trend
SourceDomainValue
Goldbach r(2n)number_theory0.9387
Gaussian Collatz Orbitnumber_theory0.7917
Exponential Chirpexotic0.7378
···
Sine Map (Feigenbaum)chaos-0.5545
OTOC Growthquantum-0.2727
SIR Epidemicbio-0.2249
vol_of_vol
SourceDomainValue
Sine Map (Feigenbaum)chaos5.7662
Gaussian Collatz Orbitnumber_theory2.9432
Devil's Staircaseexotic2.9184
···
Logistic r=3.5 (Period-4)chaos0.0000
Logistic r=3.2 (Period-2)chaos0.0000
Logistic r=3.74 (Period-5 Window)chaos0.2402

When It Lights Up

Nonstationarity detects regime switching and concatenation that static metrics miss entirely. A signal made by splicing together two different sources will score high on vol_of_vol (bursty regime changes) and trajectory_dim (multiple descriptors change) while possibly looking unremarkable to any single static geometry. In the atlas, regime_persistence separates the dynamical view's "coherent chaos" cluster (Rossler Hyperchaos, Lotka-Volterra: chaotic but geometrically stable) from "incoherent chaos" (Rossler Attractor: chaotic and geometrically unstable).

Open in Atlas
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