S&P 500 daily close-to-close log returns (^GSPC, 1928+). The canonical U.S. equity benchmark; heavy tails, volatility clustering, leverage effects.
Standard analysis sees: heavy-tailed; left-skewed; aperiodic / broadband; time-irreversible (sharp rises, slow decay). The atlas finds no named structure, but the source is distinctively extreme on Nonstationarity:ac1_trend (-3.0z) — beyond what the standard bank predicts for it.
Nonstationarity:ac1_trend | -3.0z | bank-miss 1.1σ |
Mostow Rigidity:distance_rigidity | -3.0z | bank-miss 1.6σ |
Wasserstein:self_similarity | -2.7z | bank-miss 1.8σ |








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| Nearest neighbor | Distance | |
|---|---|---|
| Nikkei Returns | 2.66 | |
| BTC Returns | 2.73 | |
| NASDAQ Returns | 3.45 |
Catch24 › Catch24:CO_trev_1_num | rank 4/298 | 2.2070 |
Cayley › Cayley:spectral_gap | rank 4/298 | 0.0320 |
Cayley › Cayley:growth_exponent | rank 5/298 | 2.0550 |
Cayley › Cayley:saturation_radius | rank 294/298 | 0.0083 |
G2 Root System › G2 Root System:kurtosis_differential | rank 296/298 | -4.0114 |
Wasserstein › Wasserstein:self_similarity | rank 295/298 | 0.8372 |